In the late 18th century, the "cordões" (literally "cords", laces or strings in Portuguese) combined with the "dança do coco" (literally "coconut dance" an Afro-Brazilian dance troupe form) were introduced in Rio de Janeiro. Main article: Rio Carnival Devla Imperatrix- Queen Of Carnaval in Rio De Janeiro Sapucai The Carnival celebrations finally returned in Februafter 2 years in hiatus, but floods and landslides caused some festivities to be cancelled.īy region Rio de Janeiro The next festival was scheduled from 26 of February - 2 of March 2022, depending on the evolution of the epidemiological situation in the country. The first disruption to the Carnival in 108 years took place in late September 2020 amid the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil, when the 2021 festival was cancelled. The Carnival went on as scheduled despite World War I and World War II, besides during Brazil's military dictatorship, despite strict regulations. The mayor of Rio reportedly postponed all licenses for the Carnival associations, but despite this many residents still partied in the streets anyway. The Carnival was first suspended in 1912, following the death of the Baron of Rio Branco, at the time Brazilian Minister of External Relations. For instance, the main rhythms used in carnival celebrations were developed by Afro-Brazilians and make use of European instruments like the cavaquinho and pandeiro to create melodies and arrangements, also the fantasies and costumes in the Brazilian carnival borrow concepts from the clothing of the Native population in the use of feathers and the tendency to use lighter pieces. These rhythms were mainly developed by Afro-brazlians and Pardos, incorporating and adapting many cultural influences, from the percussion beats of Africa to the military fanfares of Europe and iberian music in the use of instruments like pandeiro and cavaquinho.īrazilian carnival in essence is a synthesis of European, Native American, and Afro-Brazilian cultural influences, each group has played an important role in the development of the structure and aesthetic of the Brazilian carnival of today. The typical genres of music of Brazilian carnival are, in the Southeast Region in general, mostly cities of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo: the samba-enredo, the samba de bloco, the samba de embalo and the marchinha and in the Northeast Region including Pernambuco (mostly cities of Olinda and Recife): frevo and maracatu, and Bahia (mostly the city of Salvador): samba-reggae, pagode (also a type of Samba) and the main genre axé music. Also in northeast, Olinda carnival features unique characteristics, heavily influenced by local folklore and cultural manifestations, such as Frevo and Maracatu. It is a six-day party where crowds follow the trios elétricos through the city streets, dancing and singing. The northeastern cities of Recife, Olinda, Salvador, and Porto Seguro have organized groups parading through streets, and public interacts directly with them. Those official parades are meant to be watched by the public, while minor parades ( blocos) allowing public participation can be found in other cities, like Belo Horizonte, also in the southeastern region. In the southeastern cities of Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, and Vitória, huge organized parades are led by samba schools. Rhythm, participation, and costumes vary from one region of Brazil to another. Historically its origins can be traced to the Portuguese Age of Discoveries when their caravels passed regularly through Madeira island, a territory which already celebrated emphatically its carnival season, and where they were loaded with goods but also people and their ludic and cultural expressions. Rio de Janeiro's carnival alone drew 4.9 million people in 2011, with 400,000 being foreigners. Except for industrial production, retail establishments such as malls, and carnival-related businesses, the country unifies completely for almost a week and festivities are intense, day and night, mainly in coastal cities. During Lent, Roman Catholics and some other Christians traditionally abstained from the consumption of meat and poultry, hence the term " carnival", from carnelevare, "to remove (literally, "raise") meat." Ĭarnival is the most popular holiday in Brazil and has become an event of huge proportions. The Carnival of Brazil ( Portuguese: Carnaval do Brasil, IPA: ) is an annual festival held the Friday afternoon before Ash Wednesday at noon, which marks the beginning of Lent, the forty-day period before Easter. Ĭelebration prior to fasting season of Lent.įriday before Ash Wednesday (51 days to Easter)Īsh Wednesday midday (46 days before Easter)Īfternoon, February 17 – midday, February 22Ĭarnival, Mardi Gras, Ash Wednesday, Lent Rio's carnaval is the largest in the world according to Guinness World Records. Devla Imperatrix Queen of Carnaval in Rio De Janeiro.
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